|
During the Iran-Iraq war (1980–88), the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran were composed of three forces: the Islamic Republic of Iran Army (IRI Army), the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution (IRGC) and the Basij. ==Iran–Iraq war (1980–88)== (詳細はSaddam Hussein announced that he was ending the treaty with Iran which had been signed in 1975. Five days later, Iraqi armed forces began a land and air offensive against Iran. Many observers believe that Saddam Hussein's decision to invade Iran was a personal miscalculation based on ambition. He feared that Iran's new revolutionary leadership would threaten Iraq's delicate Sunni–Shia balance and exploit Iraq's geostrategic vulnerabilities, such as Iraq's minimal access to the Persian Gulf.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/iran-iraq.htm )〕 As the war continued, it became increasingly bloody as mass attacks by Iranian infantry were driven back, at high cost to both sides. In May 1982, Iran held the advantage thanks to a massive offensive when its forces drove Iraqi forces back to the border. Another series of offensives in 1984 allowed the Iranians to cross the border into Kurdistan and move towards the Tigris river. The Iranians finally seized Majnoon Island in southern Iraq, a center for oil production in this marshy region which was notoriously difficult to move troops into.〔 During this phase of the war, the Iraqis used poison gas to repel Iranian attacks. Mustard and nerve gases were used, demonstrating Iraqi ability to manufacture and deploy such weapons.〔 The Iran-Iraq war is noted for Iraq's use of chemical and biological weapons against Iranian troops and civilians, many of which were supplied by the United States. The Iran–Iraq war lasted for nearly eight years and included religious schisms, border disputes and political differences.〔〔 It strained the political and social life of both countries, led to severe economic dislocation and altered the course of Iraqi and Iranian history. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Iranian commanders in the Iran–Iraq War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|